이청준 소설에 나타난 유토피아의식 고찰 : 「이어도」,「비화밀교」,「당신들의 천국」을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Utopian Examination Appeared in Lee Chung-Jun’s Novels
- With Emphasis on 「Ieodo」, 「Biwhamilgyo」, 『Heaven of you』


The author in novels captures the situations of his experienced times in the ways of his specular reality recognitions and visualizes them literally and discloses the limitations of the times to lead readers to recognize the reality in a right way and have developmental prospects. In this viewpoint, a novel is the disclosure of the social reality in which members characterize the times and the dreams to overcome the inconsistency belonging to the members of the times. Accordingly, in understanding of Lee Chung-Jun’s works, it is required to examine how unreasonable realities are drawn and what world the members are search for in order to overcome the realities.
This paper aims to examine the utopian cognition which is consistently pursued by the Lee Chung-Jun’s works of 「Ieodo」, 「Biwhamilgyo」, 『Heaven of you』. In addition, it will examine the reality recognition of the characters in the oppressed world and its countermeasure aspects and the meanings of the world pursued by them focusing the existence method of the utopian recognition which are being tried to be told through the Lee Chung-Jun’s works and its realization phase.
In Chapter I, the existence mode of the utopian recognition was reviewed with focus on 「Ieodo」. The practical meanings included in the fictional world of Utopia were researched and the shamanism included in this work were observed and its functions were tried to be discussed. This work researches the human existence in the Korean specular shamanic world and in spite of its type of a utopian motive novel, it is not a story pursuing for unrealistic, fantastic Utopia but a story full of concrete life so that it can be found that the Lee Chung-Juns’ utopian recognition reaches the space of this world’s life.
Chapter II examined more concrete utopian aspect through 「Biwhamilgyo」. In this work, ideal hope such as Esoteric Buddhism events seems to be estranged from the reality but it paid its attention to the point that this work participates in the realistic life and provides the power to maintain and change it.
It examined the significant meanings of this work through the death of Cheon Nam-Seok in 「Ieodo」and if the utopian illusion of Ieodo can show some meaning in the realistic life, in the point that true reconciliation can be achieved base on self-forgiveness and reality still remains as the space of disagreement but even though this illusional ideal is small but operates as consistent power to show the function as Utopia which reveals future hope of reconciliation of two different worlds (over mountain and below mountain), 「Biwhamilgyo」examined significant meanings of this work.
In the last Chapter, 『Heaven of you』is chronologically located between 「Ieodo」and 「Biwhamilgyo」was observed in the point that it shows the utopian recognition of human intention which is acquired by consistent effort on the stage of the middle agent. This novel can be considered that it revealed the aspiration of Utopia desired by all of us and spread its own politics in order to achieve it.
The Lee Chung-Jun’s novels can be thought that they investigated the sources of ‘literary things’ immanent in the unconsciousness of readers and enabled practical experience of aesthetic actual objects oriented by the works this is deeply related to the invisible world which his novels consistently tried to find. Like this, this paper has the significance to examine the utopian recognition of the Lee Chung-Jun’s literature which endlessly pursued for the possibility for a new world.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서론
• 1. 연구 목적 1
• 2. 연구사 검토 2
• 3. 연구 방법 및 범위 13
• II. 이론적 검토
• 1. 유토피아의 개념과 전개 21
• 가) 유토피아의 개념 21
• 나) 동·서양 문학에서의 전개 22
• 2. 한국문학에 나타난 유토피아 추구 양상 27
• 가) 유토피아의식의 구체적 형식 27
• 나) 현실사회 비판과 종교적 유토피아의식 30
• III. 본론
• 1. 유토피아 환각의 존재양식- 「이어도」 33
• 가) 허구적 세계의 실제적 의미 33
• 나) 무속적 공간 체제의 기능 40
• 2. 화해 가능성으로서의 유토피아 - 「비화밀교」 44
• 가) 자기반성과 자기용서의 확대 44
• 나) 이질적 세계의 대립과 화해 50
• 3. 유토피아의 현실화 양상 - 『당신들의 천국』 58
• 가) 상대적 유토피아의 형상 58
• 나) 유토피아 열망의 현실적 실현 63
• IV. 결론 68
• 참고문헌 73
• Abstract 81