One of the most noticeable characteristics in labor market during past 20 years is increase of female labor. It is global tendency and Korea is not an exception. The increase of women's participation of economical activity leads to a double-income fam...
One of the most noticeable characteristics in labor market during past 20 years is increase of female labor. It is global tendency and Korea is not an exception. The increase of women's participation of economical activity leads to a double-income family as typical family in nowadays society, and it brings change to the traditional opinions of gender roles. These days domestic work is no longer considered as only women's responsibility but also male's and it caused new role conflict. Under the changes of new social structure, the dual desire of work and family for male and female employee but also firms as well, and the importance on the aspect of national policy with respect to the human resource development.
Regardless of these tendency, many scholars in human resource field were more focused on studying conflict between work and family. But participating in multiple roles(such as work and family) also has a positive effects. Some suggested that the advantages of pursuing multiple roles are likely to outweigh the disadvantages-an expansionist theory. A variety of work and family roles provides multiple opportunities for satisfaction and pleasure, various skills and perspectives, knowledge, thereby enhancing psychological functioning and resources. Role accumulation suggests there are positive or beneficial effects of the commitment to multiple roles.
Therefore this research focused on the work and family enrichment(WFE) from the positive perspective of role accumulation theory and investigate the antecedents of WFE. And the other purpose is to study the effect of gender on these relationships. According to this purpose, this study sets up the study model and hypothesis through theoretical consideration and distribute questionnaire to married male and female employee to verify the research. The results of this study can be summarized as follows.
First, psychological resilience, personal trait, is positively related with the work-family enrichment. Second, perceived organizational support and leader-member exchange, social support from work, are positively related with the work to family and family to work enrichment. Third, spouse support and support from family except spouse social support of family member are positively related with the work to family and family to work enrichment. Forth, the relationship between social support from work and family(except spouse) and work-family enrichment is not much different between each gender. However the positive relationship between support of spouse and family to work enrichment is more strongly shown by male. Further study suggested need of detailed research and analysis about not only gender but also stereotype of gender role. Lastly, although all antecedents like personal trait and social support from work and family are positively related with work and family enrichment, there is a still differences between each relationships. In other words, psychological resilience of each employee is important but more influence is from support of work and family. Also, the study showed the support from work is more influence on work to family enrichment and support from family is more effect on family to work enrichment. The relationship with boss is very important in both cases. From the result of these, the study provides significance and implications of these below.
First of all, this study proved that the resources from multiple roles can be a positive influence on role performance and result in different territory. It is different from the most of existing studies that mostly studied about performing multiple roles in work and family will cause scarcity of resource. Also this study converted the pre-existed recognition of relationship between work and family positive side through empirical study. This study is subjected to male and female employee and it is different from many of other work and family studies that mostly focus on the female employee. Also, although both personal characteristics and social support are related with the work-family enrichment, the effect of social support is proved to be influence more on the work-family enrichment.
In this research, diverse antecedents in work-family enrichment and get to know the differences between the influences helped understanding of the mutual impact on work-family relationship. And, it verified the importance of support from work and family. In other words, to promote work-family enrichment, support from both family and organization is essential, and this study can be used as theological evidence when needed to set up the support method in organization, local and national level.
This study deals with the work-family enrichment. But it doesn't mean that there is no stress and conflicts participating in work and family’s multiple roles. The implement of multiple roles will certainly causes conflicts between work and family. However, regardless of these conflicts, there surly is positive effect and this study focused on that. In this study the work-family conflict were used as a control variable to clearly investigate the effects of work-family enrichment. This study provides for a more detailed and balanced understanding than the prevailing research of conflict-oriented approach.
The desire to have the compatibility of work and family life leads many organizations and scholars more participate in studies about the balance between work and family. These studies and efforts were approached to reduce the conflict between work and family. However, this study is not only reduce the conflict between work-family life but also added to consider the policy and educational approach in work-family enrichment. The result of this research shows that organizations may further recognize the psychological and various practical benefits of multiple roles in work and family. Rather than discouraging employees from spending time and energy in non-work roles, organizations try to find ways to encourage and facilitate the positive interaction between work and family.