(An) analysis of citizen life satisfaction

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The beginning of the urban development is the improvement of the hardware and the completion is which is the resident's subjective satisfaction. This is determined through the mutual interaction between the hardware and the software. Because, most of the previous studies for the effects of the urban development, are mainly the focus of public policies, social systems and environment. The urban residents do not increase the life satisfaction through urban development. The development projects fail to include the resident's psychological social needs. .
This dissertation tries to find out the answers towards two questions. First, what are the major factors to decide the citizen life satisfaction? Second, how is the city to be changed to increase the citizen life satisfaction?
I hope to develope the model of citizen life satisfaction which can be conceived easily and institutionalized through this study. If this Citizen Life Satisfaction model is to be developed. First, this article could suggest not only the critical factors of Life satisfaction, but also the diagnosis for the lower citizen life satisfaction and the solution to improve it. Second, the model can estimate the changing rate of life satisfaction and development grade of each factors if it is measured off periodically. Finally, Life Satisfaction model can suggest the insight of the successful urban development and the each field development. This study builds on the theoretical basis of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, who is called as the great authority of the humanism psychology.
I tried to find out the key factors to decide the life-satisfaction through the people who live in Seoul, Kyungki, Kangwon Province. I developed the Citizen Life Satisfaction Model. By means of the model, I tried to measure the overall life-satisfaction and find out the decisive factors in the lower level of life satisfaction. And I want to suggest the diagnosis and solution to interfere the urban development.
I conducted a questionnaire survey of residents who live in Seoul, Kyungki, Kangwon Province, after I reviewed the evaluation criteria through the previous studies. On the base of the results, I analysed the factors to improve the life satisfaction through the urban development, comparing their life satisfaction and the lower level satisfaction factors. Furthermore, I modelize the relationship of each field systematically and verify the Citizen Life Satisfaction model.
As the results, the proposed model's conformity of this study is very high. The most influenced factors of the city life satisfaction are community (standardized index 0.39), environment(0.20) and culture/information(0.20) as a result of verifying the model towards total factors. I can find out the interesting things as a result of model verification. In case of Seoul and Kyungki, the most focusing factor is the culture/information needs to upgrade the Citizen Life Satisfaction. The most focusing point of the urban development in Kangwon will be how to satisfy the self-actualization needs of the residents. The second one will be how to satisfy the culture/ information needs and traffic condition when the other citizen(such as, Seoul, Kyungki Province) hope to migrate to Kangwon.
The satisfaction of the residential area is as high as that of Kangwon residents(mean value=4.55), Seoul(4.47), Kyungki(4.34), sequently. I reviewed the relationship between the demographic variables and the regional influences to the satisfaction of the residential city. The living standards variable is only the critical factor to affect the satisfaction toward the residential cities. The residents of Seoul specially in the low class and the middle high class highly satisfy their residential area more than those of Kyungki and Kangwon. The middle class and the middle low class residents in Kangwon satisfy their residential area overall higher than Seoul and Kyungki. That is, The poor and rich persons want to live in Seoul, common persons want to live in Kangwon.
The overall life satisfaction is as high as that of Kangwon residents(mean value=4.49), Seoul(4.31), Kyungki(4.26), sequently. The age variable is only the critical one to affect the overall life satisfaction. The residents of Kangwon shows their higher overall life satisfaction except 20' than those of Seoul and those of Kyungki. But the residents in twenty's of Kyunki show the higher overall life satisfaction than those of other areas.
The intention to move to the other city is as high as that of Kyungki residents(mean value=4.32), Seoul(4.22), Kangwon(3.67), sequently. The age, marital status, the household composition, education variables are the critical ones to affect the intention to move.
To validate the factors affecting the intention to move, a structural equation model was generated. The order of affect to satisfaction are Communication, Traffic, Self-actualization, Environment and Safety sequently. If Communication is personal field, the attractive plan of moving to cities in Kangwon is eventually to improve Traffic condition; specially clearness of the streets and street condition, and to prepare Self-actualization; opportunity to professional knowledge and life-long education specifically.
The questions of survey is based on a scholar‘s theory. All factors of citizen life satisfaction are limited to find. The factors are composed of the total 8 fields 42 factors, such as, ① environment(7 factors), ② community(3 factors), ③ safety(7 factors), ④ transportation (4 factors), ⑤ education(3 factors), ⑥ economy(5 factors), ⑦ self actualization(7 factors), ⑧ information/culture(6 factors). Even though 8 fields 42 factors are valid on statistics and theory, the other factors are needed to find in view of another angle and I expect more in-depth discussion.