비밀공작은 자국의 대외정책을 실현하기 위한 은밀한 수단으로서 첩보수집, 분석, 방첩과 함께 정보기관의 기본적인 정보활동이다. 비밀공작은 은밀하게 목표 대상국에 영향력을 행사함으...

http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T12016462
서울 : 韓國外國語大學校 大學院, 2010
학위논문(박사) -- 韓國外國語大學校 大學院 , 국제관계학과 , 2010. 2
2010
한국어
327.1
서울
(A) study on the U.S. covert action during the Reagan administration : focusing on cases of Afghanistan and Poland
iii, 226 p. : 삽도 ; 26 cm.
한국외국어대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
지도교수: 장병옥
참고문헌 : p. 213-223
0
상세조회0
다운로드비밀공작은 자국의 대외정책을 실현하기 위한 은밀한 수단으로서 첩보수집, 분석, 방첩과 함께 정보기관의 기본적인 정보활동이다. 비밀공작은 은밀하게 목표 대상국에 영향력을 행사함으...
비밀공작은 자국의 대외정책을 실현하기 위한 은밀한 수단으로서 첩보수집, 분석, 방첩과 함께 정보기관의 기본적인 정보활동이다. 비밀공작은 은밀하게 목표 대상국에 영향력을 행사함으로써 대상국의 정책과 환경이 자국의 대외정책과 자국 이익에 부합되도록 유도하고 만들어가는 것이다. 미국은 냉전 시작 이후 봉쇄정책을 통해 소련 공산주의 확산을 차단하려 했고, 이와 관련 서구 및 3세계권 등 비공산권에서 공산주의 침투를 막기위한 은밀한 수단으로 비밀공작을 채택했으며 이러한 경우 비밀공작은 공산주의 침투를 막으려는 방어적 성격을 지녔다.
1981년 1월 집권한 레이건 행정부는 소련의 경제적 약점을 집중 공략해 나가는 정책을 추진하면서 비밀공작의 대상국은 이전 비공산권 국가에서 소련 및 소련블록 국가로 전환되고 비밀공작의 목표는 이전의 소련 공산주의 침투 차단에서 소련 및 소련블록 국가의 체제변화로 전환되었다. 이에 따라 미국의 방어적 비밀공작은 공격적 비밀공작으로 전환되었다.
레이건 행정부의 공격적 비밀공작을 가능하게 한 원인은 내적 원인과 외적 원인에서 비롯되었으며 레이건 행정부는 이러한 원인을 기반으로 공격적 비밀공작을 전개할 수 있었다. 레이건 시대의 대표적인 공격적 비밀공작으로는 아프가니스탄 이슬람 반군 지원 준군사공작, 폴란드 자유노조 지원 정치공작이 있으며 이들 공작은 레이건 행정부 내내 추진되었으며 소련 경제의 탈진을 유도함으로써 궁극적으로 동구 민주화와 소련을 붕괴시키는데 크게 기여하였다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
Covert action is a clandestine means and a basic intelligence activity conducted with intelligence collection, analysis and counter-intelligence to realize a foreign policy. Covert action, in the U.S. intelligence lexicon, refers to an attempt by one ...
Covert action is a clandestine means and a basic intelligence activity conducted with intelligence collection, analysis and counter-intelligence to realize a foreign policy. Covert action, in the U.S. intelligence lexicon, refers to an attempt by one government to pursue its foreign policy by conducting some secret activities that influence behavior of foreign government, and political, military, economic, social circumstances in other countries. As the term implies, definition of covert action is an activity conducted by a government in a secret or covert manner.
Covert action consists 3 types of activities; propaganda, political activity and paramilitary operation.
Propaganda is the traditional political technique to disseminate information created to influence psychologically and bring a certain political outcome. Propaganda is conducted to support certain group or to undermine one's opponent. It can be also conducted to create false rumors on political unrest, economic shortage, and direct attack on individuals or groups.
Political activity is the following step to propaganda, and the two techniques could be conducted simultaneously. Political activity enables an intelligence operation to intervene more directly in political strategy toward a certain targeted nation. Paramilitary operation is the largest and the most violent covert action, training large armed groups to conduct a direct assault upon enemy. It does not include a state's own military combat personnel which technically could provoke an act of a war.
The crucial concept in US covert action is the 'Plausible Deniability' that U.S. denies their intervention. The reason to conceal U.S.'s participation is related to the idea that the action has to be covert. Secrecy is the essential point of covert action in order to draw a success.
U.S. intercepted communist penetration into non-communist bloc such as Western Europe and Third World with the containment policy when the Cold War began. During this period, U.S. conducted covert action as a defensive means to impede communist penetration.
During Reagan years of 1980s, the foreign policy was focused on touching economic weakness of the U.S.S.R. The targeted countries were changed from non-communist bloc to communist bloc. The goal of covert action was transfered from interception of infiltration to alteration of U.S.S.R's structure. U.S. attacked economic weakness of U.S.S.R. by conducting covert action. Therefore, in this period, the defensive U.S. covert action was transferred to offensive style. U.S.S.R. was put in defensive position.
The typical covert actions during Reagan years were the paramilitary operation in Afghanistan and the political activity in Poland. These covert actions were driven forward during all Reagan years, resulting failure in Soviet's economy. Eventually, it contributed collapse of Soviet Union and democratization of Eastern Europe.
The factor and development of offensive cover actions during Reagan years were analyzed. Basically the offensive covert actions were practicable due to internal factor like Reagan's tough stance toward U.S.S.R. and also due to external factor such as various international circumstances. The offensive covert actions were succeeded by both internal and external factors. If one of these causes had been absent, the U.S. would have not succeeded in the covert actions. So the interaction between the two factors is important.
All countries including the U.S. are anticipated to continue their covert actions because covert actions are attractive to ensure their national security and to satisfy national interests in a secret manner. Our country will also have to intensify covert action and counter-intelligence to cope with other countries' secret activities. It is necessary for our country to construct legal basis for this.
목차 (Table of Contents)