주민참여예산제도의 활성화 방안에 관한 연구 = The Activation of Civil Pariticipatory Budget System

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Abstract

The Activation of Civil Pariticipatory Budget System
: A Case Study of Buk-gu, Gwangju

Song, Kwang-Un
Advisor : Prof. Seo Kee-Jun, Ph. D.
Department of Political Science and Diplomacy
Graduate School of Chosun University

This study deals with the civil participatory budget system that has been implemented since 2003 in local governments of Korea. This system has been in use by local administrations for seven years, but civil participation, which is a prerequisite condition for the successes of the system, has been very limited so far.
Assuming that civil participation should be active in the overall budget operation of local administrations, this study examines the current civil participatorybudget system which Buk-gu, Gwangju introduced for the first time. In addition, this study attempts to develop models of the civil participatory budget system based on the comparison of other cases, including those cases of Portu Alegrecy, Brazil and Dong-gu, Ulsan and Daeduk-gu, Daejeon, Korea.
This study utilizes a survey interviewing residents, civil members and public servants in Buk-gu district office, and local councilors. The survey includes several question items asking respondents' opinion about the civil participatory budget system. The responses are analyzed with the Cross-tabulation Analysis and the main findings are as follows:
First, a majority of the respondents are aware of the participatory budget system, which implies that the system enters into the stage of practical application in the seventh year of its implementation. The respondents, however, considered a lack of professional knowledge as a barrier to civil participation, which indicates that systematic efforts to reinforce the quality of information and expertise for the residents who what to join the system are necessary.
On the degree that residents'suggestions are reflected, most respondents confirm that they are highly satisfied with the management of the system. On the issue of its management, however, representative residents and public servants answered a lack of expertise on the budget management, and local councilors answered a lack of intention to provide information of administrative organizations.
Residents, representative residents, and local councilors considered active attention of the district heads and their intention to develop it as foremost, which implies that district head' intention and residents' active participation are needed for the continuous development of the system. In addition, a notable difference exists between opinions of residents and public servants due to their perception on the system, which suggests that a two-way communication network should be developed.
On the issue of the coverage of the participatory budget system, respondents consider the its institutional management active now as foremost, but there is a high proportion of respondents answer that the coverage should be extended, which indicates that we should expand the preparation of civil participation over the budget.
When the relationship betweenlocal councils and civic committee were considered in the introductory stage, the respondents answered that the council should cooperate to find out a solution with the residents as quickly as possible, which indicates that cooperative relations between them should be developed for the successful management of the system.
Base on the analysis of the survey, the following suggestions for the better implementation of the system are made. First, to encourage residents to participate in the system, a special committee should be established to speak for the interests of the elderly, the disability, multi-cultural families, and children. In addition, a dynamic communication system should be developed, active participation of civic organizations should be induced, and strong intention of district heads is needed.
Second, to expand the coverage of the participatory budget system, civil participation should be extended even to those sectors of local tax collection, execution and closing of budgets, and to special accounting in general accounting, and the first supplementary budget in the main budget.
Third, to develop a path to have easy access for residents, the active management of an e-budget homepage and the establishment of a deliberation committee to respond even to insignificant opinions of residents through a budget suggestion system are suggested.
Fourth, to develop an organized educational system that reinforces expertise of residents who directly participate in the participatory budget system, the establishment of a civil participatory budget university as a permanent educational system and the budget exposition which is designed to introduce models of civil participation and good examples of local governments are suggested.
Fifth, as an evaluation and feedback system is needed for the consistent developmentof the system, a budget evaluation team that evaluates the management results of the system regularly as necessary and an incentive system that financial rewards residents who present superior opinions are suggested.
Finally, this study concludes that various models of the civil participatory budget system that fit into the regional characteristics should be created that they can contribute to the promotion of active participation of residents. It is certain that the participatory budget system based on active civil participation provides a great chance to realize fiscal democracy and civic democracy.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Abstract
• 제1장 서 론 1
• 제1절 연구목적 1
• 제2절 연구방법 및 범위 3
• 제2장 주민참여예산제도의 이론적 고찰 5
• 제1절 선행연구 5
• 제2절 지방자치단체의 예산 7
• 1. 예산의 개념 7
• 2. 예산의 기능 9
• 3. 예산의 운영과정 14
• 4. 예산 운영과정의 주민참여 17
• 제3절 주민참여예산제도 18
• 1. 주민참여예산제도의 개념 18
• 2. 주민참여예산제도의 필요성 20
• 3. 주민참여예산제도의 도입과정 27
• 제4절 주민참여예산제도의 모형과 적용범위 34
• 1. 주민참여예산제도의 모형분류 34
• 2. 주민참여예산제도의 적용범위 36
• 제5절 주민참여예산제도의 운영사례 및 시사점 41
• 1. 국외사례 41
• 2. 국내사례 49
• 3. 국외 및 국내사례의 시사점 62
• 제3장 광주광역시 북구의 주민참여예산제도 운영 69
• 제1절 주민참여예산제도 도입배경 69
• 1. 열악한 재정상황 69
• 2. 변화와 혁신적인 사회 분위기 71
• 3. 역동적인 주민운동과 다양한 주민조직 형성 71
• 4. 주민의 알권리 등 기본권 개념 확장 72
• 5. 단체장의 강력한 의지 73
• 제2절 주민참여예산제도 도입과정 74
• 1. 제1단계 : 실험단계 74
• 2. 제2단계 : 제도화 단계 75
• 3. 제3단계 : 성장단계 76
• 4. 제4단계 : 내실화 단계 77
• 제3절 주민참여예산제도 운영시스템 78
• 1. 운영 개요 78
• 2. 운영 주체 80
• 3. 운영 과정 86
• 4. 운영 성과 89
• 제4장 주민참여예산제도의 경험적 인식분석 95
• 제1절 주민참여예산제도 설문조사 분석 95
• 1. 조사설계 95
• 2. 표본 및 설문지 구성 96
• 제2절 설문조사 분석 97
• 1. 설문의 교차분석 결과 97
• 2. 설문의 빈도분석 결과 109
• 제3절 시사점 118
• 1. 성과적 측면 119
• 2. 한계적 측면 123
• 제5장 주민참여예산제도의 활성화 방안 129
• 제1절 실질적 예산참여 조직 마련 129
• 1. 소외계층을 위한 특별위원회 구성 129
• 2. 의회와의 원활한 소통체계 구축 130
• 3. 시민단체의 적극적인 참여 유도 131
• 4. 지방자치단체장의 강한 의지 131
• 제2절 주민참여예산제도의 적용범위 확대 132
• 1. 지방세입 주민참여예산제도 도입 132
• 2. 주민참여예산제도의 적용범위 확대 133
• 제3절 주민참여예산제도의 내실화 추진 135
• 1. e-budget 운영 활성화 135
• 2. 참여예산 신문고제 운영 136
• 3. 예산모니터링 제도 운영 137
• 제4절 전문성 강화를 위한 교육체계 마련 137
• 1. 주민참여예산 시민대학 운영 137
• 2. 주민참여예산제 박람회 개최 138
• 제5절 상시적인 환류체계 구축 139
• 1. 온라인 주민참여예산제도 평가단 운영 139
• 2. 성과 중심적 보상체계 마련 140
• 제6장 결 론 141
• 참고문헌 146
• 부 록 151