한국의 문화재 재난관리에 관한 연구 : 목조건축물 문화재 관리의 Feed-forward 통제방안 = Disaster Management of Cultural Assets in Korea: Feed-forward Control Strategy for the Wooden Cultural Assets Buildings

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In order to prevent the loss of cultural assets as national symbols like Sungryemun and to find an institutional device for the prevention, the present study purposed to identify problems through reviewing previous research and analyzing the fire accident of Sungryemun, to look for solutions for the problems, and to suggest directions for relevant policies.
For these purposes and with the fire accident of Sungryemun in February 2008, this study examined the relation between the preservation of cultural assets and disaster control to find management systems that prevent disasters in wooden cultural assets buildings in Korea, reviewed the contents of cultural assets disaster control and previous research, and then confirmed that a new strategic management system is necessary for preventing the happening of disaster itself in consideration of the characteristics of cultural assets. Particularly in that classical feedback control may be meaningless for cultural assets in which historicity is critical, we recognized the necessity of feed?\forward control and tried to find disaster control methods.
The scope of this study was limited to wooden cultural assets buildings, which are vulnerable to fire, among cultural heritages, and the spatial scope was the whole country, In addition, natural disasters were excluded, and improvement in management was sought for man?\made and social disasters.
As to research methods, we analyzed theses, literature, and administrative agencies’ official reports, referred to newspapers, magazines and periodicals, performed an AHP survey of involved civil servants and experts, and conducted a questionnaire survey of people in charge of cultural assets disaster control. We changed general disaster control procedure ‘prevention ?C preparation ?C response ?C recovery’ to ‘management ?C prevention ?C preparation ?C response’ for cultural assets disaster control, and considered disaster control by the feed?\forward control method, which is a strategic control plan. As an empirical case, the fire accident of Sungryemun was analyzed and its problems were examined according to measuring element. In addition, with regard to the accident, an AHP survey was applied to experts, and a questionnaire survey was conducted for people in charge of cultural assets management and disaster control at local government throughout the country. These surveys asked about the relative importance and priority of cultural assets disaster control.
From the results of this study were derived problems in cultural assets disaster control and solutions for the problems as follows. First, organizations and budgets should be expanded for cultural assets disaster control. At least, the Cultural Heritage Administration should have a department in full charge of disasters, and local government should operate a cultural assets management department and prepare a budget for preventing disasters.
Second, in order to prevent disasters, it is necessary to change people’s consciousness and to improve the cultural assets safety inspection system. In addition, information on the characteristics of cultural assets should be shared among relevant institutions.
Third, with regard to the preparation system, equipment and facilities fit for the characteristics of cultural assets should be installed, response manuals should be prepared, and practical education and training should be executed in advance.
Fourth, with regard to the response system, fire should be extinguished at the initial stage, and for this, the performance of equipment and facilities should be tested in advance and fire fighting skills should be improved. In case an actual disaster happens, early response is possible when preventive measures have been taken in advance.
As there has not been sufficient research on cultural assets disaster control, the present study has its meanings in defining cultural assets disaster control procedure as ‘management ?C prevention ?C preparation ?C response’ according to the strategic control process by feed?\forward because ‘recovery’ is meaningless due to the characteristic of cultural assets. In addition, regarding management and prevention as ‘preliminary control’ and preparation and response as ‘executive control’, this study suggested a system that monitors these processes strategically.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 1
• 제1절 연구 배경과 목적 1
• 1. 연구 배경과 문제 제기 1
• 2. 연구 목적 3
• 제2절 연구 범위와 방법 5
• 1. 연구 범위 5
• 2. 연구 방법 6
• 제2장 문화재 보존과 재난관리의 관계 8
• 제1절 재난관리의 의미와 문화재 8
• 1. 재난에 의한 위험사회와 위기관리 8
• 2. 단계별 재난관리 15
• 3. 문화재 재난의 유형과 재난관리 21
• 제2절 문화재 재난관리의 대상과 절차 29
• 1. 현행 문화재 재난관리제도 29
• 2. 문화재보호법상의 문화재와 재난관리 절차 44
• 제3절 선행연구검토 61
• 1. 연구개관 61
• 2. 문화재 보존 및 재난관리와 관련한 연구 62
• 3. 문화재청과 조계종의 조사연구보고 65
• 4. 종합적 논의 71
• 제3장 연구분석방법 74
• 제1절 피드포워드 이론 74
• 1. 피드백 통제의 문제와 피드포워드 통제의 필요성 74
• 2. 피드백 통제 접근법과 전략적 통제 77
• 3. 피드포워드 통제지침 83
• 제2절 연구의 분석틀 87
• 1. 문화재 보존전략방안의 분석 87
• 2. 피드포워드 통제 접근에 의한 분석틀 91
• 제4장 문화재 재난관리 전략의 질적·양적 분석 93
• 제1절 문화재 보호실태: 숭례문 화재사고를 중심으로 93
• 1. 숭례문의 역사 93
• 2. 숭례문 화재사고의 개요 99
• 3. 숭례문 화재사고의 쟁점 분석 104
• 제2절 문화재 재난관리 전략의 AHP 분석 109
• 1. 전략의 상대적 중요도 및 우선순위에 관한 조사 설계 109
• 2. 전략의 상대적 중요도 및 우선순위 비교 분석 결과 118
• 제3절 문화재 재난관리 전략의 효과성 분석 122
• 1. 표본선정 및 분석방법 122
• 2. 전략의 효과성 분석결과 125
• 제4절 분석결과의 해석 139
• 제5장 문화재 재난관리의 문제점과 개선방안 142
• 제1절 문화재 재난관리의 문제점 142
• 제2절 문화재 재난관리의 개선방안 146
• 1. 관리체계 부문 146
• 2. 예방체계 부문 148
• 3. 대비체계 부문 149
• 4. 대응체계 부문 150
• 제6장 결론 151
• 제1절 연구의 요약 151
• 1. 문화재 보존과 재난관리 152
• 2. 피드포워드 통제와 지침 153
• 3. 문화재 재난관리의 실증분석 154
• 4. 문화재 재난관리의 문제점과 개선방안 155
• 제2절 정책적 함의 157
• 1. 연구의 함의 157
• 2. 정책적 제언 158
• 3. 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언 160
• 참고문헌 162
• 부 록 169