Currently, demand for social welfare is increasing while the discourse on the need to develop private resources that would complement nation’s welfare is actively underway. At this juncture when these are taking place, donation made by individual ca...
Currently, demand for social welfare is increasing while the discourse on the need to develop private resources that would complement nation’s welfare is actively underway. At this juncture when these are taking place, donation made by individual can become the core of private resources as well as serve as an important element for rolling out the donation culture. Given the realities of Korea where donation that is the center for mobilizing private resources is yet to consolidate its position as a commonplace culture, increase in the number of individuals who donate is required even more than the donation amount in order for the individuals’ participation in the donation culture to get established firmly. To this, this research provides basic data for the segmentation of the donation market that is attempted in order to develop effective approach method for the expansion of the donation made by individual and consolidation of the donation culture. Accordingly, donation attitude which is an important element of donation behavior is set as dependent variable, and university students who are in a specific group are targeted to conduct the research. Group of university students do not merely have some potential for making donation as of now, but they are an important group since they are potential donators who can make donations in the future. Moreover, they are preliminary members of the workplace.
Key findings of this research are as summarized as follows.
First, research targets manifest relatively positive attitude towards donation. However, the awareness on the need and the expected effect for donation, which is one sub category of the donation attitude, is high, but intent to donate which is the other sub category of the donation attitude is low, which demonstrates that they lack the will to act.
Second, women manifested greater positive donation attitude compared to men when the relationship between independent variables and donation attitude are examined. As for the majors, liberal arts and social science related majors manifested greater donation attitude compared to other majors.
Among the social variables, greater positive donation attitude is manifested for the transcendental elements when there is parents’ donation experience, when parents volunteered, and when one has own donation experience compared to the targets who have no experience volunteering. Among the press and media related elements, donation attitude is more positive when targets have experience watching donation related contents on the press and media. Moreover, greater positive donation attitude is manifested when the frequency of getting exposed to the donation contents on the press and media is higher and when the degree of watching them on the press and media is greater. Among the elements of education on the sharing, positive donation attitude is manifested when they agree with the need for the education focused on sharing, and greater positive donation attitude is manifested when the degree of the effect of the education focused on sharing is greater.
As for the psychological variables, all variables except for the awareness on the responsibility for welfare manifest correlation with the donation attitude. Donation attitude is positive when the sense of community and awareness on the participation are high, and donation attitude is positive when the sense of materialism is low.
As for the variables pertaining to the perception of donation related institutions, attitude towards donation related institutions has positive (+) correlation with the donation attitude.
Third, 1:1 correlation is studied between independent and dependent variables to identify the elements that affect donation attitude. There is no significant correlation with the variables that were expected to be significant, but the expected variables set in this research were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. As result of examining the elements that affect donation attitude, it is possible to verify that all the variables that manifested statistically significant result are the variables that manifested difference in the 1:1 analyses. When the results of the analyses are examined, donation attitude is more positive when the sense of community is higher, when the attitude towards donation related institutions is more positive, when the major is that of the liberal arts and social science, when the frequency of getting exposed to the donation related contents through the press and media is higher, when parents have volunteered, and when the targets are women.
As for the awareness on the need and the expected effect for donation, which is one sub category of the donation attitude, gender and sense of community exert influence, while parents’ volunteer activity, own donation experience, frequency of getting exposed to the press and media, sense of community, materialism and donation related institutions attitude influence the intent to donate which is the other sub category of the donation attitude.
Based on these results, this research discussed the meaning of the research and the implications drawn out to increase level of participation in donation and expansion of the donation culture.