This study discussed social and ethical problems related to human embryonic cloning which are being raised again as private companies officially announced to involve in human embryonic cloning and a bill that allowed limited embryonic stem cell resear...
This study discussed social and ethical problems related to human embryonic cloning which are being raised again as private companies officially announced to involve in human embryonic cloning and a bill that allowed limited embryonic stem cell research was passed by the parliament. And it also examined how to confirm the legitimacy of human embryonic cloning which had not been established due to the failure to elicit public agreement on ethical mattes of human embryonic cloning.
Human embryonic cloning using somatic cell nuclear transfer can be the most desirable solution for fatal diseases and immune rejection, the biggest problem with regard to therapeutic cell transplantation. In addition, in order to understand the differentiation mechanism of stem cell, researchers continuously has demanded that research Human embryonic cloning be allowed.
The problem is that although an embryo is produced for research or medical purposes, once it is implanted in a female's uterus it automatically becomes a human embryonic clone. Another problem is that the embryo can survive stem-cell extraction. The embryo is not easily accepted as a human being. It can neither be inherited nor be exchanged with money. Thus, legal, ethical and religious problems arise.
Such problems raise doubts about the legitimacy of the allowance of human embryonic cloning. So far, debates over the human embryonic cloning have focused on the notion that the embryo has human dignity. This approach would be reasonable if we could objectively prove when to begin acknowledging the dignity of embryo. But, we have failed to explain this. And it is useless to further debate over when the dignity of embryo should be acknowledged.
Thus, it is not appropriate to make a definite argument over the allowance of human embryonic cloning with firm confidence in one’s attitudes towards the dignity of embryo when it is impossible to prove it objectively. The possibility that one’s view on the dignity of embryo could be wrong should to be considered. Acknowledging the possibility of making a misjudgment opens a door leading to new productive debate.
In order to carry out productive debate over human embryonic cloning, the representative issue of this century, we should observe the following matters. First, we should not legislate the bill that allows embryonic stem cell research limitedly and was adopted as bio ethics bill, before we scientifically verify human embryonic cloning and have adequate discussion over the question, how can we develop this technology to resolve human problems without infringing human dignity?
Second, we should examine the goods and harms, ambiguity and complexness, and necessity with regard to human embryonic cloning. And we should realize that scientists who handle the embryo should acquire appropriate ethical values on human lives in order to use human embryonic cloning for the benefit of human beings. That is, it is necessary to establish ethical science. In order words, appropriate ethical research attitudes should be prerequisite to elicit social agreement that human embryonic cloning must respects human dignity.
Third, ‘interdisciplinary curriculum’ for the learning and discussion of ethical, legal and social aspects of scientific technology should be included in a course to cultivate scientists like Student Pugwash Group in the United States. In addition, the researchers should be systematically required to receive ethical curriculum on human embryonic cloning before they embark on research. In addition, a law should be legislated to require the committee composed of medical ethics experts and experts in other areas (philosopher, theologian, nurse, legal professional, and bio scientist) to have regular meetings. It is important to have such meetings regularly before the uncontrolled development of human embryonic cloning that causes serious social problems.
After all, all these processes provide an opportunity to make ordinary people understood accurate information on science technology and to discuss problems which scientists overlooked or failed to realize, before they creates side effects. And, through these processes, wasteful and conflicting debates can be avoided. In addition, as they minimize the gap between developments of science and society, a new agreement on the legitimacy of human embryonic cloning can be reached.