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      예방외교의 조기경보 실패와 성공사례에 관한 연구 : 한국전쟁과 제1차 북한 핵위기를 중심으로 = (A)case study on the missed and seized opportunities in the early warning of preventive diplomacy : focused on the Korean war and the first North Korean nuclear crisis

      한글로보기

      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T10853606

      • 저자
      • 발행사항

        전주: 全北大學校, 2007

      • 학위논문사항

        학위논문(박사) -- 全北大學校 大學院 , 政治學科 , 2007

      • 발행연도

        2007

      • 작성언어

        한국어

      • 주제어
      • KDC

        349.11 판사항(4)

      • DDC

        327.519 판사항(21)

      • 발행국(도시)

        전북특별자치도

      • 형태사항

        viii, 267 p.; 26 cm

      • 일반주기명

        권말부록으로 "북학정권의 현 능력", "한국상황에 대한 정보양상", "북한 핵일지" 수록
        참고문헌: p. 219-234

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        • 국립군산대학교 도서관 소장기관정보
        • 국립중앙도서관 국립중앙도서관 우편복사 서비스
        • 전북대학교 중앙도서관 소장기관정보
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      부가정보

      다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

      The purpose of this research is to provide policy implications to prevent a tragedy like the Korean War and to maintain stable peace on the Korean peninsula. For this purpose, this case has analyzed the Korean War in 1950 and the First North Korean Nuclear Crisis in 1993-1994 from the perspectives of the preventive diplomacy.
      Preventive diplomacy has gained attention after the Cold War as a new approach to resolve conflicts around the world. According to the United Nations report, Agenda for Peace(1992), preventive diplomacy seeks to prevent disputes themselves from arising between parties, and manage disputes in order not to be escalated into a full-fledged conflict. Since such approach can prevent human and material costs of enormous scale that are caused by possible armed conflicts, it is actively being implemented in potential conflict zones by the U.S., other major powers, and international organizations.
      In the light of rising interest in this rather new concept, this research seeks to analyze the success and failure of preventive diplomacy on the Korean Peninsula using two cases mentioned above. It carries out a comparative analysis between these two crisis, using three variables often used in preventive diplomacy: early warning, strategies of response, and actors. Even though the topic of this study is the national security of two Koreas, it also focuses on the U.S. policy toward the Korean Peninsula.
      This study argues that one of the causes of the Korean War is attributed to the lack of policymakers’receptivity to the early warning, under the situation of no imminent war warning and failure of the proper response due to psychological misjudgment. Thus, the case of the Korean War is analyzed to be an opportunity missed in preventive diplomacy on the Korean Peninsula.
      On the other hand, the handling of the First North Korean Nuclear Crisis in 1993-1994 was a success case because it prevented the crisis from escalating into a violent conflict by signing the Agreed Framework, even if the agreement was an incomplete measure only to halt the North Korean nuclear program for a time being. In other words, the crisis was carried over by freezing the North Korean nuclear program in accordance with an effective early warning system of the U.S. and its consistent strategy of response. At this point, we may recall the discussion that, though a full-scale conflict resolution is not achieved, it could be claimed as an opportunity seized since a possible escalation to mass violence and deadly conflict is prevented. So, in the case of the Korean Peninsular, it could be said as an opportunity seized.
      Additionally, from analyzing two cases, several key issues in preventive diplomacy were identified as follows.
      First, no such global entity exists that is capable of monitoring politically generated catastrophes.
      Second, as for the lack of political will, a crisis that has not yet erupted is generating neither the pressure nor the eventual rewards.
      Third, as for the sovereignty dilemma, preventive diplomacy would not happen without international cooperation or intervention to avoid the outbreak of an intra-state crisis.
      Fourth, meanwhile traditional diplomacy is a quiet and silent diplomacy, preventive diplomacy can never be silent and it targets the roots of conflict. So it may include a potential root of conflict.
      Fifth, as for the problem in the bureaucracy block, unblocking bureaucratic obstinacy and rivalry is one of the major challenge with which preventive diplomacy and its early warning instruments have to cope.
      In the institutional point of view, the lessons from the opportunity missed and seized on the Korean peninsula reveals the necessity of an effective and imminent early warning system that could mobilize political will for the early response. Also, considering the fact that the First North Korean Nuclear Crisis was seized through international cooperation, establishing a multilateral regime could be considered in the Northeast Asia region in order to maintain a durable peace on the Korean Peninsula. The basic instrument for such end could be a regional early warning system. Thus, this study suggests to establish an integrated early warning system in the Northeast Asia under the close cooperation among South Korea, the U.S. and Japan for information collection and sharing.
      번역하기

      The purpose of this research is to provide policy implications to prevent a tragedy like the Korean War and to maintain stable peace on the Korean peninsula. For this purpose, this case has analyzed the Korean War in 1950 and the First North Korean Nu...

      The purpose of this research is to provide policy implications to prevent a tragedy like the Korean War and to maintain stable peace on the Korean peninsula. For this purpose, this case has analyzed the Korean War in 1950 and the First North Korean Nuclear Crisis in 1993-1994 from the perspectives of the preventive diplomacy.
      Preventive diplomacy has gained attention after the Cold War as a new approach to resolve conflicts around the world. According to the United Nations report, Agenda for Peace(1992), preventive diplomacy seeks to prevent disputes themselves from arising between parties, and manage disputes in order not to be escalated into a full-fledged conflict. Since such approach can prevent human and material costs of enormous scale that are caused by possible armed conflicts, it is actively being implemented in potential conflict zones by the U.S., other major powers, and international organizations.
      In the light of rising interest in this rather new concept, this research seeks to analyze the success and failure of preventive diplomacy on the Korean Peninsula using two cases mentioned above. It carries out a comparative analysis between these two crisis, using three variables often used in preventive diplomacy: early warning, strategies of response, and actors. Even though the topic of this study is the national security of two Koreas, it also focuses on the U.S. policy toward the Korean Peninsula.
      This study argues that one of the causes of the Korean War is attributed to the lack of policymakers’receptivity to the early warning, under the situation of no imminent war warning and failure of the proper response due to psychological misjudgment. Thus, the case of the Korean War is analyzed to be an opportunity missed in preventive diplomacy on the Korean Peninsula.
      On the other hand, the handling of the First North Korean Nuclear Crisis in 1993-1994 was a success case because it prevented the crisis from escalating into a violent conflict by signing the Agreed Framework, even if the agreement was an incomplete measure only to halt the North Korean nuclear program for a time being. In other words, the crisis was carried over by freezing the North Korean nuclear program in accordance with an effective early warning system of the U.S. and its consistent strategy of response. At this point, we may recall the discussion that, though a full-scale conflict resolution is not achieved, it could be claimed as an opportunity seized since a possible escalation to mass violence and deadly conflict is prevented. So, in the case of the Korean Peninsular, it could be said as an opportunity seized.
      Additionally, from analyzing two cases, several key issues in preventive diplomacy were identified as follows.
      First, no such global entity exists that is capable of monitoring politically generated catastrophes.
      Second, as for the lack of political will, a crisis that has not yet erupted is generating neither the pressure nor the eventual rewards.
      Third, as for the sovereignty dilemma, preventive diplomacy would not happen without international cooperation or intervention to avoid the outbreak of an intra-state crisis.
      Fourth, meanwhile traditional diplomacy is a quiet and silent diplomacy, preventive diplomacy can never be silent and it targets the roots of conflict. So it may include a potential root of conflict.
      Fifth, as for the problem in the bureaucracy block, unblocking bureaucratic obstinacy and rivalry is one of the major challenge with which preventive diplomacy and its early warning instruments have to cope.
      In the institutional point of view, the lessons from the opportunity missed and seized on the Korean peninsula reveals the necessity of an effective and imminent early warning system that could mobilize political will for the early response. Also, considering the fact that the First North Korean Nuclear Crisis was seized through international cooperation, establishing a multilateral regime could be considered in the Northeast Asia region in order to maintain a durable peace on the Korean Peninsula. The basic instrument for such end could be a regional early warning system. Thus, this study suggests to establish an integrated early warning system in the Northeast Asia under the close cooperation among South Korea, the U.S. and Japan for information collection and sharing.

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      목차 (Table of Contents)

      • 제1장 서론 = 1
      • 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
      • 제2절 기존연구의 검토 = 4
      • 제3절 연구범위 및 방법과 분석의 틀 = 6
      • 1. 연구범위 = 6
      • 제1장 서론 = 1
      • 제1절 연구의 목적 = 1
      • 제2절 기존연구의 검토 = 4
      • 제3절 연구범위 및 방법과 분석의 틀 = 6
      • 1. 연구범위 = 6
      • 2. 연구방법 = 7
      • 3. 사례분석의 틀 = 9
      • 제4절 논문의 구성 = 14
      • 제2장 예방외교의 이론적 배경 = 16
      • 제1절 개념의 정의 = 16
      • 1. 기원과 발전 = 16
      • 2. 예방외교의 정의 = 18
      • 3. 예방외교의 특성 = 20
      • 가. 생존성과 그 가치의 문제 = 20
      • 나. 예방외교의 다양성 = 23
      • 다. 분쟁의 스펙트럼 = 24
      • 라. 예방외교의 대상 = 26
      • 제2절 예방외교의 구성요소 = 28
      • 1. 조기경보 = 30
      • 가. 조기경보의 중요성 = 30
      • 나. 조기경보의 정의 및 목적 = 33
      • 다. 정보의 수집·분석·판단 = 33
      • 라. 불확실성에 대한 예측문제 = 39
      • 마. 경고에 대한 수용성문제 = 41
      • 바. 경고와 대응의 틀 통합 = 44
      • 사. 경고와 대응의 격차 = 45
      • 2. 주요 행위자의 대응전략 = 47
      • 가. 조기대응의 중요성과 정치적 의지 = 47
      • 나. 기회상실과 기회포착 = 49
      • 다. 대응전략수립을 위한 고려사항 = 53
      • 3. 기타 주요 행위자 = 65
      • 가. 기타 주변국가 = 67
      • 나. 국제기구 = 68
      • 다. 지역기구 = 72
      • 라. 비정부기구(NGO) = 76
      • 제3장 한국전쟁 = 81
      • 제1절 사례개요 = 81
      • 1. 해방 전후에서 한국전쟁 발발까지 주요사건들 = 81
      • 2. 한국전쟁의 기원과 원인 = 83
      • 3. 해방 직후 주한미군의 현황 및 철수배경 = 86
      • 4. 한국전쟁의 피해 = 88
      • 제2절 조기경보 문제 = 89
      • 1. 전쟁징후 첩보수집과 분석된 정보의 보고여부 관련문제 = 91
      • 2. 전쟁징후 경보에 대한 수용성 문제 = 98
      • 가. 주변 배경의 강도와 전쟁경고의 수용성 문제 = 98
      • 나. 정책결정자들의 심리적 요인에 의한 전쟁경고의 수용성 문제 = 102
      • 3. 한국전쟁에 있어서 경고와 대응의 틀 통합문제 = 105
      • 제3절 주요 행위자의 대응전략 = 108
      • 1. 해방후 한반도의 내부문제와 남북한의 입장 = 108
      • 가. 국내외 민족운동세력의 정치적 결집 = 108
      • 나. 남북한의 정권수립 = 110
      • 다. 전쟁전 남북한 통일정책 = 112
      • 2. 미국의 대응정책 = 114
      • 가. 미국의 한반도 개입과 분단 = 114
      • 나. 전쟁발발 이전 미국의 한반도 정책의 불안정성 = 119
      • 다. 한국전쟁 발발과 미국 및 UN의 조치 = 124
      • 라. 미국의 한국전쟁 개입과 대한반도 정책의 변화 = 126
      • 제4절 기타 관련국가 및 UN의 입장과 역할 = 129
      • 1. 소련의 대한반도 정책 = 129
      • 2. 중국의 한반도에 대한 기본인식과 전쟁개입 = 131
      • 3. 한국전쟁 발발과 일본의 역할 = 133
      • 4. 국제기구로서 UN의 입장과 역할 = 134
      • 제4장 제1차 북한 핵위기 = 136
      • 제1절 사례개요 = 136
      • 1. 북한 핵개발의 기원 = 137
      • 2. 북한 핵개발의 진행과정 = 139
      • 3. 제1차 북한 핵위기 예방 실패경우의 예상피해 = 144
      • 제2절 조기경보 문제 = 148
      • 1. 최초 북한의 핵계획에 대한 관심결여 = 148
      • 2. 첩보의 수집 및 분석 = 150
      • 3. 북한 핵 관련 정보의 적시성과 신뢰성 문제 = 154
      • 4. 정책결정자의 수용성 문제 = 157
      • 제3절 주요 행위자의 대응전략 = 158
      • 1. 직접관련 당사국으로서 남북한의 입장과 정책 = 158
      • 가. 직접 협상 당사국으로서 북한의 입장 = 158
      • 나. 직접 피해 가능국으로서 한국의 입장 = 163
      • 2. 실질적 협상 주도국으로서 미국의 대응정책 = 168
      • 가. 대응을 위한 조기 결심과 정보판단의 혼선 = 168
      • 나. 경고와 대응의 틀 통합 문제와 언론 = 171
      • 다. 대북 강온(强·穩) 대응전략 = 176
      • 라. 북한 핵계획에 대한 대응전략의 특징 = 182
      • 마. 미국의 안보전략과 북한 핵문제 = 184
      • 제4절 기타 관련국가 및 IAEA의 입장과 역할 = 187
      • 1. 중국의 한반도 현상유지정책 = 188
      • 2. 잠재적 피해 가능국가로서 일본의 입장 = 190
      • 3. 최초 북한핵 제공국가로서 러시아의 입장 = 191
      • 4. 국제기구로서 IAEA의 입장과 역할 = 193
      • 제5장 실패와 성공사례 비교분석 = 196
      • 제1절 조기경보에 대한 분석 = 196
      • 1. 한국전쟁 = 197
      • 2. 제1차 북한 핵위기 = 198
      • 제2절 주요 행위자의 대응전략에 대한 분석 = 200
      • 1. 한국전쟁 = 201
      • 2. 제1차 북한 핵위기 = 203
      • 제3절 기타 관련 행위자에 대한 분석 = 205
      • 1. 한국전쟁 = 206
      • 2. 제1차 북한 핵위기 = 207
      • 제4절 예방외교의 문제점 = 210
      • 제5절 제언 = 212
      • 제6장 요약 및 결론 = 232
      • 참고 문헌 = 237
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