<다크 나이트>에 나타난 수퍼 히어로 서사의 양면적 가치와 정의의 문제 = Ambivalence of Superhero Narrative and the Question of Justice in The Dark Knight

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This essay primarily aims to discuss the ambivalence of superhero narrative in Christopher Nolan’s The Dark Knight (2008) by analyzing how the traditional hero characters of the Western are deconstructed in this film. It also accompanies the discussion of the ambivalent role of a superhero by questioning the way he carries out his extra-legal justice. First of all, The Dark Knight is a twist of the Western in the sense that it starts with a triangular relationship of outlaw hero, official hero and a woman, and ends up with their individual tragedy. By this twist, the film shows a tendency to define good and evil in terms of their relative values rather than absolute justice. Batman, a masked hero to fight against evil, is confronted with an anxiety that his own exceptionality as a figure outside the law might lead to the destruction of the very society that he wants to save. Harvey Dent, an unmasked official hero to righteously defend social justice, transforms himself into a psychopathic killer after he gets disfigured by the Joker’s plotting. The Joker is also a problematic character. He does not represent a traditional villain. Instead, he functions as an on-going force of chaos which subversively puts the symbolic into question. The question of justice in this film also promulgates the idea that the heroism for Batman and Harvey is undermined by the Joker’s deconstruction of law and justice. In this sense, the Joker can be seen as a character to represent the symptoms of the collective paranoia of American society against the war on terror after the terrorist attack in 2001.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 글을 들어가며
• 웨스턴 장르의 무법자 영웅과 공적 영웅
• <다크 나이트>에 나타난 무법자 영웅과 공적 영웅
• 조우커의 양면성
• 글을 나오며: 911테러와 <다크 나이트>에 나타난 정의
• 인용문헌
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 John Ford, "agecoach"

2 Klavan,Andrew, "What Bush and Batman Have in Common" 2008

3 McGowan, Todd, "The exceptional darkness of The Dark Knight" 51 : 2009

4 Homer, "The Odyssey" Norton 1974

5 John ford, "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance"

6 Ebert,Roger, "The Dark Knight"

7 Christopher Nolan, "The Dark Knight"

8 George Lucas, "Star Wars"

9 George Stevens, "Shane"

10 Ethan, "No Country for Old Men"

11 Rodowick,D.N., "Gilles Deleuze’s Time Machine" Durham: Duke UP 1997

12 Deleuze, Gilles, "Cinema 2: The Time-Image. Trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Robert Galeta" U of Minnesota P 1989

13 Michael Curtiz, "Casablanca"

14 Ray,Robert B., "A Certain Tendency of the Hollywood Cinema, 1930-1980" Princeton UP 1980