오바마 행정부의 대 중동,헤즈볼라정책에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Obama Administration`s Foreign Policies on the Middle East and Hezbollah

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the Obama Administration`s foreign policies on the Middle East and Hezbollah. The traditional U.S. foreign policy guideline since WWII has emphasized the superiority of military and economic power, construction of a worldwide political-military network, trade, and financial liberalization. Obama`s foreign policies, however, differ from these traditional guidelines. Instead, Obama argues that the U.S. should recognize its decline of influence in world affairs and thereby pursue a managed decline. This outlook implies that Obama strives to establish multilateral relations with other countries and applies soft-power foreign policies as a win-win game. In spite of his ambitious foreign policy initiative, there has not been much progress made in the Middle East and Hezbollah. Concerning the conflict between Israel and Palestine, the Obama administration adheres to the original two-state solution but has not made further progress in this area. Additionally, the issue of Iranian uranium enriching has not been resolved, and the Taliban`s influence and territorial control in Afghanistan have increased despite the increased number of U.S. troops in the region. The Obama administration continues to list Hezbollah as a foreign terrorist organization and does not maintain any communications with the group. In the meantime, Iran, Syria, and Hezbollah have formed a tripartite alliance to combat Israeli aggression. How can we explain Obama`s slow progress in foreign policy in the Middle East? Although we can argue that Obama was more focused on domestic issues such as health care reform during his early period of presidency, the main reason for his slow progress is the limitation of his soft-power foreign policies. Soft-power foreign policies differ from hard-power policies, which were well-employed by the Bush administration. Soft-power foreign policy is time-consuming and requires diplomatic skills. To obtain better results in his Middle Eastern and Hezbollah policies in the future, Obama should apply a mixture of soft-power and hard-power diplomacy based on a constructivist approach.

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