朝鮮初期 京軍 再編과 '首都防衛' = Reorganization of Kyeongkun and Defense of Capital in the Early Joseon Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Kyeongkun(京軍) consisting of 2 Kun and 6 Wi had been considerably damaged through the historical processes of private military troop(私兵) controlled under the military leaders after the riot by military leaders and the war against the Mongolian military troop, so it could not played its roles. The political innovation program driven by the King Kongmin under the goal of recovering the past military system had been functioned as a momentum of reorganizing the military system in the end of Koryo dynasty, however, it had not been accomplished for the reasons of social and economical changes and frequent invasions by the foreign military forces.
The Kyeongkun at the time of foundation of Joseon Dynasty had been operated under the military system consisting of Sipwi(10衛), a formal military troop operated under the control of royal family, Siwipe(侍衛牌) operated under the control of ministers and Sungjungema(成衆愛馬) playing the role of defending the royal palace. Under this military circumstance, Euiheungsamgunbu(義興三軍府) had been appeared as the top military organization consisting of three military troops(三軍) with the exclusive chain of command. Thereafter, Do Jeon Jeong(鄭道傳) had attempted to reinforce the military drills via an Euiheungsamgunbu, reorganize the Siwipe as the formal military troop and operate the Sungjungema under the control of Euiheungsamgunbu. However, his military innovation program intended to reorganize the Kyeongkun had been stopped by the military coup leaded by Bang Won Lee(李芳遠) who was against the program.
The program intended to reorganize the Kyeongkun in the era of King Taejong had been characterized by abolishing the private military troop and upgrading the Sipsa(十司) and organizing numbers of military troops operated under the control of king. However, the military troop operated under the control of king had have the separated chain of command of being independent on the existing military organizations, so the necessity to arrange the relation between two military systems had been raised. This issue had been resolved by reorganizing the military troop operated under the control of king as the one controled by the Ohsa(五司) in the process of reorganizing the military system in the era of King Munjong. Thereafter, the Ohsa renamed as the Ohwi(五衛) had been recorded in Kyeongkukdaejeon(經國大典). On the other hand, the military chain of command had been finally arranged as the military system cooperative and operated by two military organizations known as Byungjo(병조) and Owidocongbu(五衛都摠府) after the repeated changes and modifications.
The duties performed by the Kyeongkun may be classified into the ones in the royal palace and castle constructed to defend the capital according to the working areas, and while the duties performed in the royal palace are classified into the ones such as the king's bodyguard and security guard at the gate of royal palace and patrol in the royal palace, the duties performed in the castle are the security guard at the gate of castle and patrol in the castle.
Military leader group in the Early Joseon Dynasty had not been focused on defending the areas located north of Han River(漢江), so it had not prepared the military plans intended to defend the Han River basin. They had been much interested in constructing and managing the warehouses known as Kangchang(江倉) and ferry known as Jindo(津渡) closely related to the economy, traffic and security in the Han River area rather than utilizing the Han River as the natural fortress to defend the capital against the foreign military forces.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 麗末鮮初 京軍 재편
• 1. 고려말기 京軍 회복 시도와 威化島回軍
• 2. 조선초기 京軍 재편과 지휘체계 확립
• Ⅲ. 朝鮮初期 '首都防衛' 실태
• 1. 宮城과 都城
• 2. 漢江 流域
• Ⅳ. 맺음말