농업소득과 연계한 농촌공간 재구조화 연구 = A Study on Rural Spatial Restructuring Based on Agricultural Income

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines how agricultural income estimated from operational farmland can serve as an economic foundation for rural spatial planning in regions facing structural crises driven by depopulation and population ageing. Using high-resolution aerial imagery-based farmland data (FARM-MAP), operational farmland was identified and combined with non-spatial statistical data from national agencies to estimate agricultural income at the Ri level. Farmland was classified into paddy and dry fields, and crop-specific income was calculated using the 2021-2023 average values adjusted to 2023 prices through the consumer price index. In cases where crop-level income data were unavailable, proxy values were applied through two estimation scenarios.
The results indicate substantial spatial disparities in agricultural income based on operational farmland across different regional types. In Naju-si (plain type), estimated agricultural income ranged from 220,545 to 411,082 million KRW; in Boeun-gun (semi-plain type), from 146,348 to 290,246 million KRW; and in Goesan-gun (semi-mountainous type), from 155,191 to 382,033 million KRW. Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between village population and farmland-based agricultural income (r = 0.44). Although the magnitude of the correlation is moderate, the result suggests that agricultural economic capacity remains structurally associated with rural population size. Furthermore, K-means cluster analysis identified four distinct village types according to agricultural economic structures, underscoring the necessity of differentiated spatial planning strategies.
By operationalizing agricultural income derived from operational farmland as an economic diagnostic indicator, this study provides an empirical basis for integrating agricultural economic foundations into rural spatial restructuring. The findings highlight the need to move beyond service-oriented planning approaches and to adopt structural strategies that reinforce the land-labour-income nexus as a pathway toward resilient and sustainable rural communities.