1950년대 신중국 작가 양성 제도의 변용과 문학장의 정치 －중앙문학연구소에서 작가협회문학강습소까지－ = The Transformation of Writer Training Institutions and the Politics of the Literary Field in 1950s PRC China : From the Central Institute of Literature to the Writers’ Association Literature Training School

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article analyzes the institutional mechanisms through which the state sought to systematically cultivate socialist writers in early PRC China during the 1950s, focusing on the Central Institute of Literature (1950–1953) and the Literature Training School under the Chinese Writers’ Association (1953–1957). Following the founding of the PRC, the Chinese Communist Party redefined writers not as autonomous creative subjects but as agents of political and cultural practice, and the Central Institute of Literature emerged as the most concentrated embodiment of this state project. By tracing the Institute’s establishment, debates over its name and institutional status, its transformation into a training school, and shifts in educational objectives and operational modes, this study demonstrates that the system for cultivating socialist writers was not the result of linear policy implementation. Rather, it was continuously adjusted and reconfigured through power relations and conflicts within the literary field. In particular, the article examines the tensions between a drive toward specialization and formalization modeled on the Gorky Institute of World Literature and a revolutionary praxis grounded in the Yan’an literary tradition, as well as the struggles over authority and leadership among Party cultural officials, established revolutionary writers, and emerging literary cadres. Through this analysis, the article argues that the Central Institute of Literature functioned not merely as an educational institution but as a key site where political power and literary institutions intersected and were restructured in the formative years of the PRC literary field.