가상자산 테러자금 조달 및 자금세탁에 대응한 수사 역량 강화에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Strengthening of Investigation Capabolities for Terrorism Financing and Money Laundering of Virtual Assets

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Terrorist groups secure funds in a variety of ways for purposes such as procuring weapons, maintaining and expanding organizations, and executing terrorist operations. Even crimes such as cocaine trafficking and kidnapping civilians are not hesitated. Since it is not easy to secure funds due to monitoring and sanctions outside terrorist organizations, cases of using anonymous virtual assets (cryptocurrency, etc.) are also increasing. In preparation for terrorist groups to use virtual assets as a means of securing external funds and laundering money, the government's institutional improvement and the development and capacity of investigative agencies are required.
Terrorist groups have used traditional methods (cash transactions, charitable and NGO disguised transactions, normal business operations, and overseas accounts) and informal remittance networks (such as hawala by terrorist sponsorship groups) for money laundering, but have recently abused cryptocurrency-based money laundering, FinTech remittances, crowdfunding, and digital goods transactions. In response to this, FATF's standards for preventing terrorist financing are being established at the international level, and UN Security Council sanctions are being imposed, and investigations and monitoring of suspicious transactions by investigative agencies and financial supervisory agencies are being conducted at the government level. Legally, the Financial Information Act (FTRA), the Terrorism Funding Act (PFOPIA), and the Illegal Property Concealment Act (POCA) are applied.
In order to prevent terrorist transactions in virtual assets, it is necessary to analyze systematically illegal financial transactions, monitor the use of solutions using virtual assets, and advance illegal fund tracking and analysis. Investigation agencies need to operate specialized investigation organizations related to digital currency and strengthen cooperation systems with financial supervisory agencies such as KoFIU and the National Tax Service and foreign investigation organizations