퇴계 귀향길의 인문학적 의의와 제언 = The Humanistic Significance of Toegye Yi Hwang’s Homecoming Journey and Recommendations

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aims to re-examine the return journey of Toegye Yi Hwang (1501~1570) in 1569 from a humanistic perspective and to propose its contemporary significance and practical applications. Toegye’s return was not a mere retirement but a conscious decision to withdraw from central politics and to realize his philosophy through scholarship and moral education in Dosan. First, by tracing the historical background and 600~ri route of his journey, this study shows that the return was not a political retreat but a philosophical turning point. Second, it analyzes the philosophical implications of the journey, including Toegye’s philosophy of “withdrawal” and Neo-Confucian leadership, self~cultivation through communion with nature, moral and character education, and the establishment of philosophical subjectivity and universality. Third, it examines the recent annual reenactment of Toegye’s journey and its social impact, confirming that the event has grown into a “Korean Santiago pilgrimage” through the participation of citizens, students, and local communities. Finally, this study proposes four directions for the modern revitalization of the Toegye return journey: (1) expanding it as a humanities road culture combining reflection, community, culture, and education; (2) developing it as a regional community revitalization model that integrates identity, economy, intergenerational dialogue, and governance; (3) securing sustainability through permanent programs, digital experiences, and international exchange; and (4) utilizing it as an educational resource for school character education, youth identity formation, and lifelong learning. In conclusion, the return journey of Toegye should not be seen merely as a relic of the past but as a living “path of humanistic spirit” that can serve as a universal cultural asset enabling Korean humanities to engage with the world.