효과적인 저출산 지원제도의 작동 조건: 질적연구와 패널분석을 통한 이해 = Boundary condition of effective female-friendly HR practices: A qualitative and quantitative study

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study explores the effectiveness of various low-birth-rate support policies within organizations by examining their impact on employees’ attitudes and, ultimately, employee turnover rates. Drawing from mixed findings in previous literature, which report both positive and negative effects of low-birth-rate support policies on organizations and employees, this study aims to uncover the mechanisms underlying these impacts. To achieve this, a two-pronged approach was adopted: qualitative research through in-depth interviews and quantitative analysis using panel data. Study 1 involved interviews with six team leaders from a leading manufacturing company in South Korea. These interviews revealed both positive and negative effects of low-birth-rate support policies, with variations based on job roles, employee diversity, organizational climate, and leadership. The findings also underscored the critical role of HR teams and leadership in mitigating the negative impacts of such policies. Study 2 utilized panel data from the Korean Women’s Development Institute, analyzing 393 firms. This quantitative analysis examined how low-birth-rate support policies influenced job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions at the group level among female employees. The results confirmed that these policies significantly reduced turnover intentions and actual turnover rates. Moreover, the study found that the effectiveness of low-birth-rate support policies was amplified in organizations with greater age diversity and a stronger work-life balance culture. In summary, this study makes a theoretical contribution by identifying contextual factors that influence the effectiveness of low-birth-rate support policies. It also provides practical implications by uncovering strategies to mitigate the negative effects of such policies, ultimately enhancing their overall utility within organizations.