시진핑 3기 중국의 성장과 혁신 - 초기 성과와 지향, 특성과 함의 - = China’s Growth and Innovation in Xi Jinping’s Third Term - Initial Achievement, Pursuit, Characteristics, and Implications -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper analyzes the discourse and major legislative amendments that surfaced and were emphasized during China’s Two Sessions in 2024, which were held in reflection of the performance of 2023, the first year of Xi Jinping's third term. Through the analyses, this paper aims to determine where China currently stands and where it is headed in terms of economic growth and innovation. It argues that the Chinese authorities' emphasis on the newly coined concept of "new productive forces (xinzhi shengchanli)" represents a shift from Schumpeter to Marx in the theoretical underpinnings of China's pursuit of innovative growth. Additionally, it suggests that recent amendments to the Corporate Law indicate that Party-led strengthening of vertical and unitary governance could extend to the enterprise level. The paper also points out that China’s new approach may exacerbate problems at the microeconomic level and highlights similarities between contemporary China and the United States of the 1930s, which suffered from a sluggish real estate sector and so-called regime uncertainty. Conversely, the structural environment surrounding China may foster potential for technological development and disruptive or frugal innovations. Building on these insights, the paper proposes policy implications for Korea to address competition and collaboration with China.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 토머스 매크로, "혁신의 예언자" 글항아리 2012

2 은종학, "중국과 혁신: 맥락과 구조, 이론과 정책 함의" 한울 2021

3 은종학, "양회를 통해 본 중국의 성장과 혁신 정책" 2024

4 앨런 그린스펀, "미국 자본주의의 역사" 세종서적 2020

5 央视网, "央视快评: 构建国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局"

6 中国网, "十四届全国人大二次会议经济主题记者会(全文)"

7 人民日报, "全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告（摘要）"

8 赵乐际, "全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告"

9 新华社, "全国人民代表大会常务委员会副委员长 李鸿忠 关于《中华人民共和国国务院组织法（修订草案）》的说明"

10 中共中央·国务院, "党和国家机构改革方案"

11 国际在线, "什么是新质生产力？"

12 新华社, "习近平：关于《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划的建议》的说明"

13 中华人民共和国主席令, "中华人民共和国国务院组织法(1982年12月10日第五届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过并于同日公布施行, 2024年3月11日第十四届全国人民代表大会第二次会议修订）"

14 "中华人民共和国公司法"

15 Kornai, J., "“Hard” and “Soft” Budget Constraint" 25 (25): 1980

16 IMF, "World Economic Outlook Update(Jan, 2024)"

17 Teece, D. J, "The dynamic capabilities of firms : An introduction" 3 : 537-556, 1994

18 Schumpeter, J. A, "The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle" Transaction Publishers 2000

19 Christensen, C. M, "The Innovator’s Solution: Creating and Sustaining Successful Growth" Harvard Business School Press 2003

20 Christensen, C. M., "The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail" Harvard Business School Press 1997

21 Teece, D. J., "Strategics for managing knowledge assets : The role of firm structure and industrial context" 33 : 35-54, 2000

22 Smiley, G., "Rethinking the Great Depression" IVAN R. DEE 2002

23 OECD, "OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators(Mar, 2024 Version)"

24 Wikipedia, "List of countries by GDP (nominal)"

25 Nikkei Asia, "Japan's nominal GDP outgrows China's for first time in 46 years"

26 Rosenberg, N., "Inside the Black Box" Cambridge University Press 1982

27 The Economist, "How Xi Jinping plans to overtake America"

28 Teece, D. J., "Explicating dynamic capabilities : The nature and microfoundations of(sustainable)enterprise performance" 28 : 1319-1350, 2007

29 ADB, "Economic forecasts for the People’s Republic of China"

30 Teece, D., "Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management" 18 (18): 509-533, 1997

31 Jie, Y., "China’s New Scientists: The Emerging Leaders behind Beijing’s Drive for Technological Self-reliance" The Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House 2023

32 BOFIT, "China’s 2023 economic performance unsurprisingly hits the official target, but statistical data increasingly opaque"

33 Qian, J, "China's Technological Advancements and Innovation in 2023: Whole-of-Nation Approach in Strategic Sectors" 2023

34 Schumpeter, J. A, "Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy" Harper Perennial Modern Thought 2008

35 李强, "2024年《政府工作报告》"

36 国家统计局, "2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报"

37 李克强, "2023年《政府工作报告》"