우리나라 금융소비자의 금융 역량과 금융 웰빙 = Financial Capability and Well-being of Korean Financial Consumers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Financial education has become more important in that it is essential for proactive financial consumer protection. Strengthening financial capability promotes informed choices and market discipline as well. Financial capability is defined as a combination of specific elements belonging to knowledge, skills, attitude, and behavior. This study aims to evaluate the financial capability and financial well-being of Korean financial consumers in terms of financial satisfaction and life satisfaction.
Based on the results of the study, the influence of financial variables such as income, net worth, and retirement preparedness is dominant on financial satisfaction. Financial skills are found to have a positive contribution not only to financial satisfaction but also to life satisfaction. Thus its importance needs to be relatively more emphasized. Since a better financial situation is positively associated with financial satisfaction, differences in financial situation between male and female household heads lead to their different financial satisfaction levels. This is because, on average, female-headed households are lower in household income, net worth, and retirement preparedness. It underlies the importance of financial skills that they are very practical in dealing with actual financial matters.
Generally speaking, life satisfaction is influenced not only by financial factors but also by non-financial factors. Although financial skills have a positive impact on financial satisfaction and life satisfaction, they have not been highlighted commensurately so far. Therefore, this particular dimension of financial capability should be considered and reflected in designing detailed methods and tools for financial education in the future. It is indeed so in view of the fact that this capability dimension can be achieved primarily through practical experiential learning over a long period of time. Lastly, in follow-up research, a more comprehensive review of financial well-being needs to be done using a wider range of variables, including non-financial areas.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 박정민 ; 박호준, "한국사회 삶의 만족도의 연령-기간-코호트 효과 분석: 2006년-2021년의 변화를 중심으로" 한국사회복지학회 75 (75): 193-216, 2023

2 최현자, "우리나라 청소년의 금융 이해력: 지출과 신용이해력을 중심으로" 2 (2): 65-86, 2008

3 김인숙, "우리나라 소비자정책 추진방향에 대한 연구" 한국소비자원 2009

4 정운영 ; 이진호 ; 황삼진, "우리나라 금융행복지수 개발을 위한 기초연구 -해외사례를 중심으로-" 한국금융소비자학회 10 (10): 27-57, 2020

5 최철, "금융상품 정보 제공에 관한 금융소비자 보호 정책 연구" 한국소비자정책교육학회 8 (8): 93-118, 2012

6 최현자 ; 조혜진, "금융교육과 금융거래경험이 대학생의 금융이해력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구" 한국소비자학회 22 (22): 55-75, 2011

7 OECD, "OECD/INFE Toolkit to Measure Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion: Guidance, Core Questionnaire and Supplementary Questions" 2013

8 OECD, "OECD/INFE 2020 International Survey of Adult Financial Literacy" 2020

9 Dillon, W. R., "Multivariate Analysis: Methods and Applications" John Wiley & Sons 1984

10 Atkinson, A., "Measuring financial literacy: results of the OECD/International Network on Financial Education (INFE) pilot study" 15 : 2012

11 OECD, "Measuring Financial Literacy: Questionnaire and Guidance Notes for Conducting an Internationally Comparable Survey of Financial Literacy" 2011

12 OECD, "G20/OECD High-Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection" 2022

13 CFPB, "Financial well-being: The goal of financial education" 2015

14 Lusardi, A., "Financial literacy around the world: an overview" 10 (10): 497-508, 2011

15 World Bank, "Financial Capability Surveys Around the World: Why Financial Capability Is Important and How Surveys Can Help" 2013

16 한국은행, "2022 전 국민 금융 이해력 조사 결과"

17 금융감독원, "2022 연차보고서" 2023