행복한 삶, 위대한 사회 -풍요의 시대에 개혁가는 무엇을 해야 하는가?- = Quality of Life and Public Welfare: The American Democratic Party from the Affluent Society to the Great Society

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper discusses how John Kenneth Galbraith’s critique of “the affluent society” in the 1950s provided President Lyndon B. Johnson with significant intellectual inspiration and ideological justification during the course of his creation of the Great Society programs in the 1960s. Throughout the 1950s, Galbraith and several like-minded liberal intellectuals argued that the Democratic Party should shift its ideological focus from economic growth and focus more on raising the quality of life for every citizen. According to them, a life of better quality required more than merely higher economic living standards; it additionally required a greater number of schools, libraries, hospitals, parks, roads, the right to clean water and air, and the overall creation and maintenance of safe and enjoyable neighborhoods. This political framework relied on the belief that the only way to provide such public services for all Americans was to build a more comprehensive welfare state, and that only with the goal of enhancing public welfare could every individual American’s happiness be guaranteed. As Johnson continued to draw upon the intellectual influence he had during the course of his interactions with Galbraith during the 1950s, he expanded his platform on welfare during his presidency and subsequently created the Great Society programs. As a result, Galbraith’s criticism of ‘the affluent society’, arguably one of the most perceptive analyses of postwar American society and economy, remains memorialized in the basic foundation of Johnson’s Great Society programs, which was arguably the most ambitious attempt to build a welfare state in American history.
(Kyungpook National University / [e-mail])

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