19세기 후반 조선 지식인의 독립 국가 지향-박영효의 『사화기략(使和記略)』을 중심으로- = Aiming of Chosun intellectuals for an independent nation in the late 19th century -Focusing on the Sahwagiryag by Park Young-hyo -

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Sahwagiryag is a kind of the Record of Envoys’ Visit to Japan with a diary-style written by Park Young-hyo in 1882 when he visited Japan as a member of Susinsa and as a concurrent ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary. Based on the Sahwagiryag published by the National History Compilation Committee, the Korean translations of Haehaengchongjae has been most widely known, whereas the present manuscript is founded on the version of the Pusan National University which had been published temporally proximate to contemporary period.
First of all, the purposes of dispatch of Park Young-hyo are as follows; Officially, the dispatch was aimed for exchanging the ratification documents of Japan-Korea Treaty of 1882(濟物浦條約), a follow-up action for Imo Incident(壬午軍亂), and promoting amity between the two countries; but practically, the purpose was borrowing loans from Japan and the West under the severe financial crisis of Chosun. In addition, after the pro-Qing China group gained power due to Imo Incident, King Gojong selected the pro-Japanese Gaehwapa(開化派) officials including Park Young-hyo as a Susinsa to keep the pro-Qing China group in check. Besides solving the loan problem, Park Young-hyo negotiated with the Western diplomats because he thought that conclusion of treaties itself could maintain independence of Chosun and confer the status of Chosun as a modern nation. Moreover, He tried to declare that the Chosun is not a tributary country of the Qing Dynasty but an independent country by way of a vigorous diplomatic activity.
According to the Sahwagiryag, his aim of independence was not merely a strategy for accession to political power, but a matter of realization. Instead of using Chinese era names, he used those of Chosun to adjust to the modern twenty-four hour system. In addition, he endeavored to revive the independent nation ‘Chosun’ by actively utilizing the national flag in diplomatic fields, and also recorded the situation of delivering a congratulatory address in his own language in front of many diplomatic ministers with unrefined Korean and Chinese characters. In other words, his active diplomatic activity in Japan resulted from domestic political situation and his perception of modern independent nation. As a form of the Record of Envoys’ Visit to Japan, the Sahwagiryag reveals those situations straightforwardly.