독일 반원전 운동의 전개와 원전 담론의 변화 = The Development of Anti-Nuclear Power Plant Movement and Discourses on Nuclear Power Plant in West Germany

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The nature of the discourse concerning nuclear power plants in West Germany evolved with the development of the anti-nuclear power plant movement in the 1960`s. The movements against building nuclear power plants in the mid-20th century were temporary episodes observed only in local areas. Local residents were involved in the anti-nuclear movements primarily over arguments of underground water contamination and health risks from radioactive materials. However the local movements disappeared immediately after a new reactor site was selected.
In the 1970s the discourses on nuclear power plant shifted from concerns of risks of nuclear power plant to debates risked democracy by nuclear technology. The excessive suppression of nation-wide anti-nuclear power plant movement by police evoked those debates and normal citizens began to ask if the state constrain freedom of citizens on behalf of nuclear industry. There were also discussions on a reform of the German political system which might not represent the interests of citizens engaged in anti-nuclear movements.
In the 1980s the groups of anti-nuclear movements could enter the municipal and federal parliament and discuss alternative policies to nuclear energy. The discourse on renewable energy began to replace the discourse on nuclear power plants. Nuclear phase-out (Atom-Ausstieg), instead of being solely anti-nuclear power plant, became a new goal of the movement. While new alternative energy policies were discussed in the parliaments, an alternative movement for shaping the new energy system was prepared in civil society. This development of adapting discourses is a background for today`s German energy transition policy.

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