하구(역)환경의 복원 및 지속가능한 관리를 위한 법정책적 과제 - 미국의 하구복원 · 관리 법 · 정책 사례에 관한 비교법적 분석을 중심으로 -|RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

An estuary, generally defined as “a semi-enclosed coastal body of water, which has a free connection with the open sea, and within sea water is measurably diluted with freshwater derived from land drainage”, is a dynamic ecosystem with a connection to the open sea through which the sea water enters with the rhythm of the tides. Consequently, estuaries, forming a transition zone between river environments and maritime environments, have recently attracted public attention due to the high value of conservation in various aspects of nature, society, economy, culture, etc. However, in spite of the diverse benefits and value of the estuarine environment and ecology, most of the major estuaries in Korea have been considerably destroyed or damaged owing to high pressure of development along with indiscriminate use and development during the last period of economic growth. Accordingly, in Korea, recent attempts and efforts have been made in legal and institutional as well as scientific and technological sectors in order to protect and manage estuaries as nature-friendly habitats by restoring already damaged estuaries and preserving estuaries in natural conditions, departing from existing conventional national land policy focused on development and use of estuaries. However, in spite of the attempts and efforts to restore and protect them, many estuaries in Korea, still under high pressure to be used and developed, have been developed or reclaimed for diverse purposes and in various forms, causing the difficulties of systematic restoration and sustainable management of estuaries. The main reason for the problem is not only the lack of a knowledge basis, technologies, experiences and data indispensable to systematic restoration and management of estuaries but also the inadequacy of a comprehensive and systematic legal or institutional basis particularly targeting estuaries constituting independent environmental space. In this context, it is important to note that several advanced foreign countries such as the US, UK, Canada, Australia, Netherlands, etc. have not only actively accumulated scientific and technological experiences but also variously developed and implemented national policy programs and legal or institutional basis for the restoration and management of estuaries. According to the cases of the several foreign countries, the need for an appropriate legal or institutional basis that aims for systematic and effective restoration as well as sustainable management of estuaries has also been emphasized in Korea. Based on this perception, the main purpose of this article is to provide a foundation for a discussion concerning the establishment of a legal or institutional basis for the systematic and effective restoration and sustainable management of the estuarine environment in Korea. In order to achieve this goal, this article begins by reviewing the current situation of the Korean estuaries and the need for systematic and effective restoration and management of the estuarine environment in Korea (Chapter Ⅱ), then introduces and analyzes the legal or institutional cases of the US, regarded as well-equipped with the legal or institutional and policy basis for the restoration and management of estuaries (Chapter Ⅲ), and conclusively summarizes and suggests principal implications and tasks for the establishment of a legal or institutional basis for restoration and management of Korean estuarine environment and ecology (Chapter Ⅳ).

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참고문헌 (Reference)

1 남정호, "해양생태산업(Marine Eco-Industry) 체제 구축방안" 국토해양부 2012

2 노백호, "한강하구 습지보전계획 수립 연구" 한강유역환경청 2007

3 이창희, "하구의 체계적 관리를 위한 법제도 마련 연구 – 하구관리법(가칭)제정안 마련 연구" 환경부 2007

4 이강현, "하구의 지형적·자연서식지·이용개발 특성에 따른 유형 분류" 한국해양학회 16 (16): 53-69, 2011

5 노백호, "하구유형에 따른 권역별 하구습지의 분포특성과 시계열 변동추이 분석" 대한지리학회 49 (49): 321-338, 2014

6 이창희, "하구역 환경보전 전략 및 통합환경관리 방안 수립 – 한강하구역을중심으로" 한국환경정책․평가연구원 2003

7 미국 국립해양대기청(NOAA), "하구복원법 및 국립해양대기청(Estuary Restoration Act & NOAA), ERA Information, The Estuary Habitat Restoration Council"

8 미국 국립해양대기청(NOAA), "하구복원법 및 국립해양대기청(Estuary Restoration Act & NOAA), ERA Information, Restoration Projects Funded Under the ERA"

9 미국 국립해양대기청(NOAA), "하구복원법 및 국립해양대기청(Estuary Restoration Act & NOAA), ERA Information, Estuary Restoration Act"

10 미국 국립해양대기청(NOAA), "하구복원법 및 국립해양대기청(Estuary Restoration Act & NOAA), ERA Information, Estuary Habitat Restoration Strategy"