혁명 전후 러시아 성매매 정책의 변화: 질병담론에서 노동담론으로 = The Transition of Prostitution Policy in Russia before and after the 1917 Revolution: from Disease to Labor

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This research aims to explain the changes of Russian prostitution policies after the Bolshevik Revolution with respect to the transition from discourses of disease to those of labor. In the previous researches, the Bolshevik regime is regarded as the sole actor to initiate the overall new prostitution policies. This approach, however, fails to explain the dynamics of the issue. Different origins of the prostitution policies in Soviet Russia could account for these aspects. Two main ideas were materialized into the new policies: abolitionism and the blueprint of public health. Bolsheviks encompassed both the eagerness of feminists for abolitionism and passion of medical doctors for better health care. But their basic doctrine of socialist constitution could not but urge every citizen to devote oneself to productive labor in the new era. Prostitutes also had to be engaged in productive labor, and thereby they could become Soviet citizens. This view that prostitution is not a labor persisted although prostitution policies seemingly changed from the period of War Communism through New Economy Policy. This research tries to prove that the reason of changes in prostitute policy of early Soviet period was closely related to the consistency of the authorities’ attitude towards prostitution. The Soviet authorities considered prostitutes as a ‘reserve army’ of women work force. Prostitution became to be seen separated from the viewpoint of veneral diseases and constitute an issue concerning the relationship between women work force and labor market.

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