성인의 생애주기별 진로적응과업에 대한 개념도 연구 = A Concept Mapping Study on Career Adaptability Tasks across the Adult Life Cycle

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was intended to identify the conceptual structure of career adaptability tasks across the adult life cycle divided for exploration stage, establishment stage, and maintenance stage according to the Super’s theory. Interviews were conducted with 30 people. In each cycle, 10 participants were recruited, asking about the experience related to career adaptability tasks. Based on their responses, the key sentences were extracted and rated importance. Additionally a concept mapping analysis was performed. Results were as the following: First, participants in exploration stage identified 3 clusters(‘empirical self-understanding’, ‘career information seeking’, and ‘reasonable career preparation activities’). Second, participants in establishment stage identified 4 clusters(‘effective relationships’, ‘performance-oriented and self-management’, ‘supportive relationships’, and ‘the use of external resources’). Third, participants in maintenance stage identified 4 clusters(‘self-development and satisfaction’, ‘community action’, ‘positive perspectives on career’ and ‘preparing for retirement’). We discuss the points in career counseling and research implications based on these results.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 Super(1990)의 이론에 따라 전생애를 탐색기(20대), 확립기(30-40대), 유지기(50대 이후)로 구분하고, 생애주기별 진로적응과업에 대한 개념적 구조를 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 각 주기별로 10명씩의 참여자를 모집하여, 총 30명을 대상으로 진로적응과업과 관련한 경험에 대해 묻는 면접을 실시하였다. 면접내용을 바탕으로 핵심문장을 추출하고(탐색기 70개, 확립기 68개, 유지기 62개), 각 문장에 대한 중요도를 평정하였으며, 다차원 척도법 및 군집분석을 통해 개념도 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 탐색기의 성인들은 진로적응과업에 대해 ‘자기 이해-직업 이해’, ‘탐색 차원-몰입 차원’을 두 축으로 하여, 1) ‘경험적 자기이해’, 2) ‘진로정보수집’, 3) ‘합리적 진로 준비 활동’의 세 개의 군집으로 지각하고 있었다. 둘째, 활동기의 성인들은 ‘관계차원-개인차원’, ‘직무내-직무외’를 두 축으로 하여, 1) ‘효율적 관계형성’, 2) ‘성과지향 및 자기관리’, 3) ‘지지적 관계 형성’, 4) ‘외부자원의 활용’의 네 개의 군집으로 진로적응과업을 이해하고 있었다. 셋째, 유지기 성인들은 ‘직업적차원-생애적차원’, ‘사회활동-개인내부’를 두 축으로 하여, 1) ‘자기개발 및 만족’, 2) ‘지역사회활동’, 3) ‘긍정적 직업관’, 4) ‘은퇴준비’의 네 개 군집으로 진로적응과업을 구조화하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 진로상담에서의 함의점과 연구 시사점을 논하였다.

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