군필자 보상 인센티브제도와 평등

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ROK has pursued for long period in order to join into the group of developed country which are well advanced countries in sectors of politics, economy, culture, society, etc. You can find with less difficulties many catch-phrases and slogans, such as 'Building Advanced Nations', 'Establishment of Advanced Office Environment', and 'Creation of Advanced Culture' in various public and private sectors. However, it should not be less emphasized that building truly advanced nation can only be possible backed by strong national defense and security. Particularly, Korea's unique situation, in which both South and North Korea have extended military tension since Korean War, requires even stronger capacity of national defence to become member of advanced nations. Because the capability of security shall be the foundation of economic growth.
In this regard, the Korean Constitution has a Article 38 which stipulates the provision of military duty by its nationals. Under mandate of it, various military related laws including military service law has been enacted to recruit annually 500,000 men for mandatory military service. Military duty is as necessary and important as tax liability in a view that it serves maintaining national safety. Military duty, as personal nature which cannot be replaced by someone else, has a tougher limitation compared to tax liability. And Korea, which has mandatory military service, has more strict rules for applying the duty to its nationals. However, Korea's mandatory military service system has caused strong social debates particularly by the Constitution Court's ruling of violation of constitution on giving certain amount of score on civil service examination to veterans in 1999. Since that year, the ratio of women's successful in that examination has been sharply risen.
Recently, it has been socially discussed to re-consider bringing incentives programs back for veterans who finish his military duty. Here are social debates in discussion. First, pro-incentives states that veterans should get proper incentives mandated by the Constitution with the views that as military service request solemnly your life either voluntary joining or mandatory recruit nation and society should give compensation to its duty takers for enhancing royalty to the nation, without such compensation system veterans would be in disadvantage status compared to men and women who are exempted such duty in employment competition. Others insist that giving incentive score on civil service examination shall not be back because the Constitution Court's ruling had shown clear view on case. They state any movement of bring the incentive back is anti-Constitution and solicitude programs for women and disabled who are still in weak status in Korea shall be maintained.
This study reviews such strong debates on military duty and compensation focusing on basic right of servicemen and eventually suggests any possible social program which come along with current Constitution scheme. Thus, first this study reviews the military duty in the point view of the Constitution including the relationship between the basic right of servicemen and the Constitution Court's ruling that the incentive program was unconstitutional. Second, think any programs which aims for assisting veterans successful come back to their careers under Constitution's mandate. Third, in terms of financial support for veterans, it re-evaluates seed-money for hope which is one of the presidential election pledge of new President.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 정종섭, "헌법학원론 제8판" 박영사 2013

2 권영성, "헌법학원론" 법문사 2010

3 김철수, "헌법학신론" 박영사 2013

4 성낙인, "헌법학" 법문사 2011

5 장영수, "헌법학" 홍문사 2012

6 홍성방, "헌법학" 홍문사 2010

7 "헌법재판소"

8 허영, "헌법이론과 헌법" 박영사 2013

9 허영, "헌법소송법론" 박영사 2013

10 김진욱, "헌법상 평등의 이념과 심사기준 - 헌법재판소의 평등심사기준 다시 쓰기" 한국법학원 134 (134): 54-82, 2013

11 전광석, "한국헌법론 제8판" 집현재 2013

12 허영, "한국헌법론" 박영사 2013

13 서운석, "중국의 제대군인 사회복귀 지원정책" 69-86, 2010

14 이재희, "제대군인의 재취업 및 창업 활성화 방안에 대한 연구" 2 (2): 83-108, 2007

15 하태권, "제대군인가산점제위헌심판에대한 소고" 28-34, 2000

16 김엘림, "제대군인가산점제도와 고용차별" 서울대학교 노동법연구회 9 : 202-226, 2000

17 정주백, "제대군인가산점제도에 관한 재론" 비교법학연구소 33 : 49-83, 2011

18 문채봉, "제대군인 지원정책의 과제와 발전 방향" 1-133, 2005

19 홍선이, "제대군인 지원정책 국제 비교 연구" KRIVET 2009

20 홍선이, "제대군인 지원정책 국제 비교 연구" KRIVET 2009

21 한국직업능력개발원, "제대군인 전직지원 체계 구축 방안" KRIVET 2007

22 정길호, "제대군인 가산점 제도의 합리적인 해결방안" 459-468, 2000

23 김주환, "일반적 평등원칙의 심사 기준과 방법의 합리화 방안" 한국비교공법학회 9 (9): 201-226, 2008

24 윤진숙, "여성의 병역의무에 대한 법이론적 고찰" 한국비교공법학회 8 (8): 243-262, 2007

25 장성자, "여성의 눈으로 본 제대군인 가산점제도의 위헌판결" 19-24, 2000

26 김명재, "양심의 자유와 병역의무 - 2004. 8. 26. 2002헌가1 결정에 대한 평석" 한국비교공법학회 8 (8): 215-240, 2007

27 "병무청"

28 이준일, "법적 평등과 사실적 평등-제대군인가산점제도에 관한 헌법재판소의 결정을 중심으로-" 2001

29 강승식, "미국헌법학강의" 궁리출판사 2007

30 이준일, "기본권이론" 한길사 2007

31 정진성, "군가산점제에 대한 여성주의 관점에서의 재고" 한국여성학 17 (17): 5-33, 2001

32 정연주, "군가산점제 재도입의 헌법적 문제" 한국비교공법학회 13 (13): 67-91, 2012

33 안상수, "군가산점제 부활 논쟁과 남성의 의식" 한국여성연구소 7 (7): 321-349, 2007

34 편집부 한국여신학자협의회, "군가산점 부활반대 긴급 기자회견 성명서, In 국가안보총괄점검회의의 군가산점 부활시도 규탄하며, 제대군인을 위한 국가 차원의 실질적 지원대책 마련하라!" 135-136, 2011

35 배은경, "군가산점 논란의 지형과 쟁점" 한국여성연구소 (11) : 92-114, 2000

36 편집부 한국여신학자협의회, "군 가산점제 국방부 여론조사결과 발표에 대한 시민사회 단체 성명서, In 0.0004% 제대군인만 혜택받는 군 가산점제 대신 실질적인 제대군인 보상제를 실시하라!" 73 : 152-154, 2011

37 편집부 한국여신학자협의회, "국회 국방위원회는 군사산점 부활안을 부결시키고, 실직적 제대군인 지원책을 마련하라!" 189-191, 2009

38 "국방부"

39 월간 논 편집부, "같은 세상 다른 생각 - 군가산점제를 둘러싼 논란" 188-, 2007

40 함인희, "[토론마당]국방부 ‘군필자 인센티브’ 재추진, 양성평등 침해… 8년 전 이미 위헌판결"

41 김규, "[토론마당]국방부 ‘군필자 인센티브’ 재추진, 국방의무 다한 제대군인 배려해야"

42 류재갑, "[어떻게 보십니까] 군필자 인센티브 부여, 목숨을 담보로 한 헌신봉사에 국가보상은 당연"

43 김기선, "[어떻게 보십니까] 군필자 인센티브 부여, 군복무 어려운 여성ㆍ장애인에 차별 장벽 쌓아"

44 이욱한, "[硏究論壇] 공무원임용에 있어서 제대군인에 대한 가산점제도의 문제점" 40 (40): 15-23, 1999

45 Gerrit Manssen, "StaatsrechtII, Grundrechte" Verlag C.H.Beck 2006

46 Kathleen M. Sullivan, "First Amendment Law" Foundation Press 2006

47 Kathleen M. Sullivan, "Constitutional Law" Foundation Press 2006

48 Jerome A. Barron, "Constitutional Law" West a Thomson 2005

49 Erwin Chemerrinsky, "Constitutional Law" ASPEN 2006

50 Thomas E.Baker, "Constitutional Analysis" West a Thomson 2003